Cantonese Porcelain: which originated in Guangzhou but became one of the inventories of intangible cultural heritage in Macao

Cantonese porcelain, also known as the “Colored Ceramic of Canton” was originated during the Qing Dynasty under Emperor Kangxi’s reign and became a prominent export product due to Canton being the sole Chinese port open to foreign traders at that time.

The manufacturing process of Cantonese porcelain is characterized by the application of colorful motifs over a white glazed surface, which is then fixed by a second firing at a low temperature in a muffle kiln. The porcelain features bright colors, distinct decorative panels, and elaborate gilding techniques. These porcelain pieces often depict local folk customs from the Lingnan region, such as Chinese cabbages and cockfighting, as well as Western-influenced patterns tailored to international tastes. Production complexity reflects sophisticated craftsmanship, including hand-painting and later innovations like rubber-stamping combined with pressing techniques. While the industry thrived in Macau from the 1960s to the 1980s, it faced decline due to competition from mainland factories by the 1990s. Today, the artisans are still continuing to preserve and promote this traditional craft, which represents an important cultural legacy and highlights the historical exchange between Chinese and Western cultures.

Guangyi Hand-painted Cantonese Porcelain which hereinafter referred to as Guangyi Colored Porcelain was one of the colored porcelain factories at that time. Mr. Li Yipo , the person in charge, was the second-generation heir of the family. He still adheres to the Cantonese Porcelain craft and is committed to inheriting this craftsmanship cultured in Macao. Macao's unique trading conditions throughout history have fostered the emergence of customized orders, making its hand-painted decorative porcelain, which blends Chinese and Western aesthetics, famous internationally. Therefore, Cantonese porcelain remains a testament to the innovation and cultural integration of ceramic art.